living things use carbohdrates as a key source of energy !
plants use carbohydrats for structure (cellullose)
important facts about starch
starch molecules are made up of thousands of glucose molecules attached together
starch is vary large and must be broken down into glucose throgh the cell membrane
monosaccharides (simple sugers)
all have the formula c6 h 12 0 6
all have a single ring struture
(glucose is an example)
disaccharides (doble sugare )
all have the formula c12 h 22 011
sucrose(tabel suger )
polysaccharides
formed of three or more simple sugers units
glycogen- anmimal starch stored in liver & muscles
celluose- indigestible in hummans -forms cellwall
starches used as energy storage
lipids (fats)
chiefly function in energy storage. protection and insulation
contain carban , hydrogen and oxygen but the h:o is not in a 2:1 ratio
tend to be large moleculse--an example of a neutral lipid is below
fats,oils,waxes,steroids
neutral lipids are formed from the union of one glycerol molecules and 3 fatty acides
nuleic acids
in all cells
composed of nucleotides
store & transmit heredity/genetic information
nucleotids consist of 3 parts
5-carbon sugar
phosphate grope
nitogenous base
proteins
contaiain the elements carbon,hydrogen,oxygen, and nitrogen
compost of many amino acid subunits
it is the arrangement of the amino acid
that forms that primary struture of protens.
arracedto the methyl grope is a r grope
major protein functions
growth and repair
enzymes
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